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Testing teenage mothers' knowledge of breastfeeding and comparing choices after a pretested curriculum design
Although breastfeeding is recongized as the best nutrition for the
normal infant (American Academy of Pediatrics, 1982), adolescent
mothers continue to choose bottle feeding (Babineaux and James,
1991); Baisch, Fox, Whitten, and Pajewski, 1989; Martinez and
Krieger, 1985; Piechnik and Corbett, 1985; Yoos, 1985).
According to Martinez and Krieger (1985), 36.6 percent of mothers
less than 20 years of age chose to breastfeed compared to 66.8
percent of mothers 25-29 years of age. Piechnik and Corbett
(1985) reported an 11.8 percent incidence of breastfeeding among
adolescent mothers, and Yoos (1985) reported 34 percent incidence.
Baisch, Fox, Whitten, and Pajewski (1989) reported breastfeeding
rates of 16.7 percent and 32.4 percent in two groups of adolescent
mothers compared to 35.4 percent in adult mothers. Babineaux and
James (1991) found a 4 percent incidence of breastfeeding in
adolescent mothers.
Purposes: to increase pregnant adolescents' knowledge about
breastfeeding and to encourage pregnant adolescents to consider
breastfeeding their babies.
Hypotheses: (1) There will be a difference in knowledge about
breastfeeding between pregnant adolescents who receive a structured
teaching session and those who do not. (2) There will be increase
in the number of pregnant adolescents who state they plan to
breastfeed after receiving a structured teaching session.
A quasi-experimental, nonequivalent two-group design was used to
test these hypotheses. A convenience sample of 44 adolescents 14
to 19 years of age who attend a special class for school age
mothers in a southern city participated by completing the Infant
Feeding Test (Grossman, Harter, and Hasbrouck, 1990) and a
Demographic Data Sheet. The pre-test was given to the subjects in
both intervention and comparison groups. The intervention group
(n=23) received the structured teaching session on the day they
complete the pretest. Two weeks after the pretest, the subjects in
both groups completed the post-test.
Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample based on
demographic data and to describe all study variables. Pre-test scores on the Infant Feeding Test were not significantly different
between the intervention (M = 10.78, SD = 3.61) and the comparison
(M = 11.43, SD = 3.49) groups. Results of the two-way ANOVA with
repeated measures indicated a significant difference in knowledge
about breastfeeding as measured by the Infant Feeding Test (F
(1,42) = 4.73, p < 0.1) and a significant difference within
treatment group. The Dunnett test for multiple comparison to
control group showed the mean post-test scores of the intervention
group were significantly higher than the mean post-test scores of
the comparison group. Results of the chi square test (X = 7.60,
df = 1, p < .01) indicated that the rate of breastfeeding by
school age mothers in the intervention group was significantly
higher than by school age mothers in the comparison group. |
Research Data
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| Ending
Year:
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1992 |
| Design:
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Quasi-Experiment |
| Study
Type:
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Funded-Local |
| Theoretical
Framework:
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Modeling and Role Modeling (Erikson, Tomlin, Swain) |
| Description
of Sample:
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Size:
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of Groups:
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none |
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Female |
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| Data
Collection Settings(s):
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Schools (Elementary, Secondary) |
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Question:
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Analysis:
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Data Analysis Method:
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Analysis:
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Data Analysis Method:
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Statistical Value:
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P Value:
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Findings Narrative:
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Clinical Significance:
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Primary Investigator
Jeannine Utzman Babineaux, PhD
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P.I. Institution Name
Houston Baptist University
Title
Assistant Professor
Contact Address
7502 Fondren
Houston, TX, 77005
USA
Contact E-mail
Contact Telephone
71377476612451
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Secondary Investigators
Angeline G. James
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