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- Item12-lead ECG monitoring with the EASI System in the OR: A quality improvement projectStephenson, Marilyn S.; Hadenfeldt, Sharon; Non-member
The intent of this project was to assess current use and knowledge of the EASITM system, educate anesthesia providers about the EASITM system, and re-assess knowledge and use of this system in clinical practice. The use of the EASITM system for patients with clinical risk factors was assessed.
- Item1991-2015 longitudinal prevalence trends of suicide ideation among high school students in the U.S.(2017-07-28) Zheng, Yu-han; Chen, Yu-ku; Sheu, Jiunn-Jye; The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA; Non-member
This study was designed to describe the longitudinal prevalence trends of high school students who had suicide ideation one or more times and to compare them in the different grade levels, genders, and races/ethnicities (African American, Caucasian, and Hispanic/Latino).
- Item1991-2015 trends of adolescent smoked first whole cigarette before age 13 in the U.S.(2017-07-28) Chen, Yu-ku; Zheng, Yu-han; Sheu, Jiunn-Jye; The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA; Non-member
Tobacco use since young increases the risk of harmful health effects and lifelong nicotine addiction. The literature has studies that reported adolescent's first whole cigarette smoking before the age 13 prevalence trends. This study aimed to bridge the gap by further identifying the sex-grade-race/ethnicity specific risk groups.
- Item25th International Nursing Research Congress 2014 Conference Proceedings(Sigma Theta Tau International, 2015) Sigma Headquarters; Non-member
The Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI) conducted its 25th International Nursing Research Congress at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre, 24-28 July 2014. More than 800 nurses from around the world gathered at the congress, which had as its theme “Engaging Colleagues: Improving Global Health Outcomes.”
These conference proceedings are a collection of abstracts submitted by the authors and presented at the research congress. To promptly disseminate the information and ideas, participants submitted descriptive information and abstracts of 1500 words or less. Each oral and poster presentation abstract was peer-reviewed in a double-blind process in which three scholars used specific scoring criteria to judge the abstracts in accordance with the requirements of STTI’s Guidelines for Electronic Abstract Submission.
The opinions, advice, and information contained in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of STTI or its members. The enhanced abstracts provided in these proceedings were taken directly from authors’ submissions, without alteration. While all due care was taken in the compilation of these proceedings, STTI does not warrant that the information is free from errors or omission, or accept any liability in relation to the quality, accuracy, and currency of the information.Format for Citing Papers
Author. (Year). Title of paper. In Title of conference proceedings (page numbers). Place of publication: Publisher.
Example:
Smith, C. C. (2015). Nursing research and global impact. In Engaging Colleagues: Improving Global Health Outcomes: Proceedings of the 25th International Nursing Research Congress (pp. xxx–xxx). Indianapolis, IN: Sigma Theta Tau International.
- Item25th International Nursing Research Congress 2014 Conference Proceedings and Enhanced Abstracts of Oral and Poster Presentations(Sigma Theta Tau International, 2014) Sigma Headquarters; Non-member
The Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI) conducted its 25th International Nursing Research Congress at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre, 24-28 July 2014. More than 800 nurses from around the world gathered at the congress, which had as its theme "Engaging Colleagues: Improving Global Health Outcomes."
These conference proceedings are a collection of abstracts submitted by the authors and presented at the research congress. To promptly disseminate the information and ideas, participants submitted descriptive information and abstracts of 1500 words or less. Each oral and poster presentation abstract was peer-reviewed in a double-blind process in which three scholars used specific scoring criteria to judge the abstracts in accordance with the requirements of STTI's Guidelines for Electronic Abstract Submission.
The opinions, advice, and information contained in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of STTI or its members. The enhanced abstracts provided in theses proceedings were taken directly from authors' submissions, without alteration. While all due care was taken in the compilation of these proceedings, STTI does not warrant that the information is free from errors or omission, or accept any liability in relation to the
Format for Citing Papers
Author. (Year). Title of paper. In Title of conference proceedings (page numbers). Place of publication: Publisher.Example:
Smith, C. C. (2015). Nursing Research and Global Impact. In Engaging Colleagues: Improving Global Health Outcomes: Proceedings of the 25th International Nursing Research Congress (pp. xxx-xxx). Indianapolis, IN: Sigma Theta Tau International.quality, accuracy, and currency of the information. - Item26th International Nursing Research Congress 2015 Conference Proceedings(Sigma Theta Tau International, 2016) Sigma Headquarters; Non-member
The Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI) conducted its 26th International Nursing Research Congress in San Juan, Puerto Rico from 23-27 July 2015. More than 800 nurses from around the world gathered at the congress, which had as its theme “Question Locally, Engage Regionally, Apply Globally.”
These conference proceedings are a collection of abstracts submitted by the authors and presented at the research congress. To promptly disseminate the information and ideas, participants submitted descriptive information and abstracts of at least 300, but no more than 1,500 words. Each oral and poster presentation abstract was peer-reviewed in a double-blind process in which three scholars used specific scoring criteria to judge the abstracts in
accordance with the requirements of STTI’s Guidelines for Electronic Abstract Submission.This PDF ebook is amazingly searchable. In reflection of that, you will not find a lot of internal linking. Simply select the search option and type any search keyword or name you want to explore.
Finally, the opinions, advice, and information contained in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of STTI or its members. The enhanced abstracts provided in these proceedings were taken directly from authors’ submissions, without alteration. While all due care was taken in the compilation of these proceedings, STTI does not warrant that the information is free from errors or omission, or accept any liability in relation to the quality, accuracy, and currency of the information.
Format for Citing Papers
Author. (Year). Title of paper. In Title of conference proceedings (page numbers). Place of publication: Publisher.
Example:
Smith, C. C. (2015). Nursing research and global impact. In Engaging Colleagues: Improving Global Health Outcomes: Proceedings of the 25th International Nursing Research Congress (pp. xxx–xxx). Indianapolis, IN: Sigma Theta Tau International.
- Item27th International Nursing Research Congress 2016 Conference Proceedings(Sigma Theta Tau International, 2017) Sigma Headquarters; Non-member
The Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI) conducted its 27th International Nursing Research Congress in Cape Town, South Africa, 21-25 July 2016. More than 700 nurses from around the world gathered at the congress, which had as its theme “Leading Global Research: Advancing Practice, Advocacy, and Policy.”
Program objectives of the 27th International Nursing Research Congress include:
- Interpret research findings’ influence on nursing practice, advocacy, and/or policy.
- Enhance nursing knowledge through research or evidence-based practice to impact nursing outcomes.
- Examine the translation of evidence into practice or education.
- Identify opportunities for international collaboration in nursing research, evidence-based practice, education, and health policy.
These conference proceedings are a collection of abstracts submitted by the authors and presented at the research congress. To promptly disseminate the information and ideas, participants submitted descriptive information and abstracts of 300 words or less. Each oral and poster presentation abstract was peer-reviewed in a double-blind process in which three scholars used specific scoring criteria to judge the abstracts in accordance with the requirements of STTI’s Guidelines for Electronic Abstract Submission.
The opinions, advice, and information contained in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of STTI or its members. The enhanced abstracts provided in these proceedings were taken directly from authors’ submissions, without alteration. While all due care was taken in the compilation of these proceedings, STTI does not warrant that the information is free from errors or omission, or accept any liability in relation to the quality, accuracy, and currency of the information.
Format for Citing Papers
Author. (Year). Title of paper. In Title of conference proceedings (page numbers). Place of publication: Publisher.
Example:
Smith, C. C. (2015). Nursing research and global impact. In Engaging Colleagues: Improving Global Health Outcomes: Proceedings of the 25th International Nursing Research Congress (pp. xxx–xxx). Indianapolis, IN: Sigma Theta Tau International.
- Item28th International Nursing Research Congress 2017 Conference Proceedings(Sigma Theta Tau International, 2018) Sigma Headquarters; Non-member
The Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI) conducted its 28th International Nursing Research Congress in Dublin, Ireland, 27-31 July 2017. Nearly 1400 nurses from around the world gathered at the congress, which had as its theme "Influencing Global Health Through the Advancement of Nursing Scholarship."
Program objectives of the 28th International Nursing Research Congress included:
- Promote the transformation of knowledge and practice to advance global health and nursing.
- Exchange ideas and solutions that promote the integration of technology into evidence-based nursing practice.
- Discuss research strategies to promote evidence-based teaching and learning that influences interprofessional environments.
These conference proceedings are a collection of abstracts submitted by the authors and presented at the research congress. To promptly disseminate the information and ideas, participants submitted descriptive information and abstracts of between 300 and 1500 words. Each oral and poster presentation abstract was peer-reviewed in a double-blind process in which three scholars used specific scoring criteria to judge the abstracts in accordance with the requirements of STTI's Guidelines for Electronic Abstract Submission
The opinions, advice, and information contained in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of STTI or its members. The enhanced abstracts provided in these proceedings were taken directly from authors' submissions, without alteration. While all due care was taken in the compilation of these proceedings, STTI does not warrant that the information is free from errors or omission, or accept and liability in relation to the quality, accuracy, and currency of the information.
Format for Citing Papers
Author. (Year). Title of paper. In Title of conference proceedings (page numbers). Place of publication: Publisher.Example:
Smith, C. C. (2015). Nursing Research and Global Impact. In Engaging Colleagues: Improving Global Health Outcomes: Proceedings of the 25th International Nursing Research Congress (pp. xxx-xxx). Indianapolis, IN: Sigma Theta Tau International. - Item360-degree virtual reality increase students' confidence in clinical skills in simulationJames, Barbara R.; Christman, Ronda M.; Allen, Kerry C.; Southern Adventist University, Collegedale, Tennessee, USA; Non-memberThis presentation highlights the benefits and attributes of 360-degree virtual reality in simulation. Nursing students experienced traditional simulation (control group) or the 360-degree virtual reality simulation (intervention group). The majority of the students felt their simulation increased their confidence in the clinical skill.
- Item38 vs 38.5C? SIRS indicator for pediatric sepsis screeningGold, Kerry A.; Del Greco, Carson; Trueblood, Ashley; Gupta, Summer; Nubla, Leah T.; Non-member
Poster presentation
Session D presented Monday, September 30, 2:30-3:30 pm
Purpose: Sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock (hereafter referred to collectively as sepsis) are significant contributors to pediatric morbidity and mortality. In 2005, international guidelines were developed recommending the upper-temperature threshold of 38.5C as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criterion to screen for pediatric sepsis1. This review examined our institution’s more sensitive limit of 38.0C for pediatric sepsis screenings to determine if a more sensitive threshold was supported by clinical evidence as a positive predictor for the presence of sepsis.
Design: This quality assurance project was a retrospective analysis of patient data to determine if the adoption of international guidelines over our institution’s standard would influence the sensitivity and specificity of a nursing-administered pediatric sepsis screening tool.
Setting: The settings were a tertiary/quaternary academic medical center and a complex teaching hospital providing comprehensive pediatric care, ranging from routine services to highly-specialized treatment for acute and complex diagnoses.
Participants/Subjects: The population comprised pediatric patients (<18 years old) admitted in the calendar year 2017 from a dual-campus academic medical center who had a positive sepsis screen. For inclusion, a patient must have two or more SIRS criteria and suspected or confirmed infection. The first positive screen for any given encounter was examined. This dataset was cross-referenced with a secondary query of all patients with a positive blood culture(s), regardless of sepsis screening status. Patients in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and those lacking abnormal temperatures were excluded. All patient data were reviewed within the encrypted and HIPAA-compliant infrastructure of the health system.
Methods: This was a retrospective review of patient records meeting inclusion criteria queried from an Epic Clarity database. The temperature value captured concurrently with the sepsis screen was preferred. Median absolute time from screening to temperature capture was two minutes. Patients identified with abnormal temperatures and a positive screen were compared using the presence of sepsis ICD-10 codes, positive blood cultures, and physician clinical impressions to determine which patients had “true” sepsis incidents and whether patients would be missed with a different temperature threshold. Inter-rater reliability was maintained through the use of consistent abstractors.
Results/Outcomes: Nearly a third (135 of the 462) of patients with a positive screen had a temperature between 38.0–38.4C. Of the 135, 38 (28%) would have screened positive for sepsis based on other SIRS criteria. 97 (72%) patients would have screened negative with the higher temperature threshold. 8 of 28 (29%) patients with a positive blood culture(s) would have screened negative for sepsis using the 38.5C threshold instead of 38.0C. These findings are supported by assessments of sepsis presence, ICD-10 codes, blood cultures, and physician clinical impressions.
Implications: The data support the use of a temperature threshold less than 38.5C in pediatric sepsis screenings. Use of 38.0C demonstrated similar specificity to the 38.5 threshold, but greater sensitivity. Our investigation supports the use of a more sensitive temperature range. Further research into appropriate temperature values in the detection of pediatric sepsis cases may be warranted.
- Item70% ethanol for decontamination of central venous lines exposed to calcineurin inhibitors(2017-02-23) Copacia, Jessica Ann; Taylor, Kimberly; Laudick, Melissa; Abu-Arja, Rolla; Auletta, Jeffery J.; Rangarajan, Hemalatha G.; Pyle-Eilola, Amy; Stanek, Joseph; Pai, Vinta B.; Bajwa, Rajinder; Non-member
Introduction: Tacrolimus, commonly used for GvHD prophylaxis is usually administered via a dedicated CVL and trough levels drawn from the unexposed lumen. Being an oil-based medication, it may be adsorbed to the inside lumen of the CVL and result in falsely high levels drawn from an inadvertently exposed lumen. There is no treatment for decontamination of such CVLs and natural decay occurs over months before the CVL can be used to draw reliable trough levels. Methods: We studied the efficacy of 70% ethanol lock in decontaminating CVLs exposed to tacrolimus in children during transplant. Trough tacrolimus levels were drawn from the exposed and unexposed (control) lumens at 8:00AM, followed by a 2 ml 70% ethanol lock instilled for a 2hour dwell into the exposed (intervention) lumen. Trough tacrolimus levels were again drawn from both lumens at 8:00PM and levels compared for efficacy. Results: All 20 sets showed a high 8am trough level in the exposed intervention arm (median = 30 ng/ml) to be significantly greater (p < .0001) than the control arm (median = 9.05 ng/ml) and were contaminated. After the 2h ethanol lock, 65% of the lumens were decontaminated. The difference between the control and intervention arms were no longer found to be statistically significant (p = 0.0826). Conclusion: A 2hour 70% ethanol lock is effective for decontamination of CVLs exposed to tacrolimus. These results will help to easily fix a tenacious problem encountered in the allogeneic HSCT field.
- ItemA quantitative correlational study of job satisfaction among critical care nurses in Hawai'iDowning, Hazel; Singh, Raj; Caine, Randy; Kortens, Anthony; Non-memberOne way of reducing nurse shortage and providing effective patient care within critical care units includes addressing the relationships between job satisfaction and nurse sociodemographics. The current quantitative correlational study identified a moderate level of overall job satisfaction among critical care nurses in Hawaii. The highest level of job satisfaction was in flexibility of scheduling and lowest in child care facilities. Rejection of the null hypothesis for six of the eight hypotheses suggested presence of a relationship between socio-demographics and the subscales of job satisfaction. The linear combination of the 10 socio-demographics does not predict the rewards and the professional opportunities subscale for critical care nurses currently working in Hawaii. The linear combination of the 10 socio-demographic variables predicts the scheduling, family and work balance, praise and recognition, coworkers, interaction opportunities, and the control and responsibility subscale for nurses currently working within critical care settings in Hawaii. Leadership implications from this study apply to nurse educators, preceptors, administrators, recruiters, and managers. Recommendations include addressing motivating factors and improving work settings of the critical care nurse to promote patient safety and retention of nurses.
- ItemA retrospective study measuring BMI and related comorbidities before and after bariatric surgeryHoselton, Samantha Ray; Missouri Western State University, Saint Joseph, Missouri, USA; Non-member
This study examines the differences between adults body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, hypertension, gastroesophageal reflux disease, sleep apnea, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes status. Current medications will also be taken before and up to two years after Laparoscopic Roux-en Y Gastric Bypass or Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy surgery.
- ItemAACN standards for healthy work environments: After more than a decade, where are we now?(2017-03-03) Barden, Connie; Cassidy, Linda; American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, Aliso Viejo, California, USA; Non-member
Session presented on March 18, 2017:
Research confirms the inextricable link between healthy work environments and optimal outcomes for patients, healthcare professionals and organizations. Key evidence contributing to the second edition of the AACN HWE standards and perspectives of nurses regarding the health of the work environment and barriers to optimal nursing practice will be discussed. Learners will be able to: Describe the six essential standards and associated critical elements that are necessary for creating and sustaining healthy work environments; Synthesize mounting evidence that substantiates the importance of healthy work environments and contributed to the release of the 2nd edition of AACN Standards for Establishing and Sustaining Healthy Work Environments: A Journey to Excellence; Delineate nurse perceptions of the health of the work environment and current barriers in the work environment that inhibit optimal nursing practice.
- ItemABMC fire safety in the OR-2017Lindner, Jennifer M.; Rabbas, Audrey T.; Farr, Gregory E.; Chamberlain College, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA; Non-member
Fire in the OR is an ever present danger, in all surgical and procedural areas. After experiencing a fire in the OR in 2016 ABMC set forth on and educational journey, designed to prevent this event from repeating itself in the future.
- ItemAcademic and Community Leaders Partnership for Prevention and Control of Emerging Diseases: Lesson From RwandaNyirazigama, Alice; Adejumo, Oluyinka; Dushimimana, Sandrine; Non-memberThis abstract emphasize the role of partnership between school of nursing and community local leaders in prevention and control of emerging communicable and non communicable diseases.
- ItemAcademic dishonesty: Perceptions of undergraduate nursing students in a Middle Eastern universityNatarajan, Jansirani; Joseph, Mickael Antoine; Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Non-memberUntil recently, very few efforts have been made to study the dishonest behavior in Middle-Eastern universities. This study examined the self-reported prevalence of on line cheating among nursing students and their perception on the successful strategies to combat academic dishonesty on campus in a public university in Oman. Late Breaking Reason: As we are converting many of our teaching learning strategies to online, it is imperative to understand the perception of nursing students on academic dishonesty. The integrity of the nursing profession may be jeopardized as students with the habit of cheating graduate and enter this noble profession.
- ItemAcademic interventions for ELL nursing students: A pilot programStanzel, Jacqueline M.; Wade, Kari; Wade, Kari; Nebraska Methodist College, Omaha, Nebraska, USA; Non-memberBackground and Review of Literature: Diversity in the nursing workforce has become a necessity. However, the number of minorities entering the nursing workforce remains low. Research has shown that English-Language Learners (ELL) have a higher attrition and board failure rates than that of their English-speaking counterparts. Research has identified barriers that impede the ELL nursing student’s success, however, has failed to identify academic interventions that assist in the ELL student in overcoming said barriers. Purpose: The purpose of this project was to implement a nursing-specific ELL success program to improve development of study skills to increase comprehension of healthcare terminology and clinical reasoning. Methods: This quality improvement project collected quantified data in traditional BSN program in a private, non-profit, nursing and allied health university in the Midwest. The inclusion criteria were: nursing student enrolled in the traditional BSN program, age over 18, and identified English as their second language. Implementation Plan/Procedure: A five-week program offered both bi-weekly live and digitized sessions. Activities were provided to enhance reading habits and critical thinking/clinical reasoning skills. Participants anonymously completed a paper assessment and an on-line assessment at the beginning and end of the program. Implications/Conclusion: Analysis of t-tests did not identify any statistically significant results regarding reading and critical thinking skills. There was an increase in the aggregate means of the HSRT, and the PRS category of the SORS. This increase potentially shows a positive effect the interventions had on participant critical thinking skills. Generalizations from these findings cannot be made due to the limited sample size. Any repeated quality improvement project related to this topic would require larger sample sizes, a longer time frame.
- ItemAcademic leadership in baccalaureate nursing programs: A literature review(2016-03-17) Reichert, Amanda C.; Non-member
Session presented on Saturday, July 25, 2015:
Background: The aging population, lack of succession planning and leadership development in health care, and long term effects of America's economic down tuRNn 2008, have been identified as factors contributing to the imminent health care leadership crisis forecasted in the coming decades (Balogh-Robinson, 2012; AACN, 2014). By 2025, a shortage of between 300,000 and one million nurses is predicted (IOM, 2011). As a result of the aging workforce, seventy-five percent of nursing's current leaders will leave nursing by 2020 (IOM, 2011). Recruiting and retaining faculty is a major challenge facing nursing education leaders (Balogh-Robinson, 2012). Without the recruitment and retention of faculty, opportunities for new faculty to advance into leadership positions are limited. As deans are charged with the creation and evolution of successful nursing programs, a dire need continues to exist for the discipline to foster the advancement of more academic nurse leaders from within the ranks of nurse faculty. Baccalaureate nursing school deans are essential in this development and are needed to foster positive, supportive, and intellectually rewarding work environments. As the current health care system demands more from the nursing workforce, nurse researchers must examine the evolution of the dean's role and develop a deeper understanding of the qualities and characteristics of effective leaders.
Aim: The literature review presents a synthesis of published literature related to leadership within the academic deanship in nursing education, issues deans face, and proposed suggestions for the recruitment and retention of academic nurse leaders.
Method: The framework for conducting the literature review was based on Polit & Beck (2012) guidelines for evaluating evidence. Approximately 225 articles related to the effectiveness of academic administrators, role preparation of deans and socializations of deans were reviewed. The publications were located utilizing the CINAHL, EBSCO Host, ERIC, and ProQuest online databases.
Conclusion: Academic leadership in nursing requires careful reflection of the skill set needed to lead a dynamic workforce in a complex and challenging health care environment. Limited available research yielded few studies outlining the roles and responsibilities of the nursing dean. Further research is needed to identify how nursing deans evolve in their role and what role preparation and other experiences deans perceive as essential for becoming effective academic leaders.
- ItemAcademic performance: The role of cognitive engagement among student nurses in a Jamaican community college(2016-03-17) Taylor-Smith, Cassia Yolanda; Stephenson-Wilson, Kayon G.; Munroe, Dawn; Walker, Melissa; Anderson-Johnson, Pauline; Non-member
Session presented on Saturday, July 25, 2015:
Purpose: Evidence indicates that a positive relationship exists between cognitive engagement and academic performance. The transition of nursing education from hospital based training to universities and colleges in the Caribbean; require that nursing students engage at a higher cognitive level to secure academic success. Examination of the literature reveals gaps in understanding how cognitive engagement impact on the academic performance of nursing students internationally and nationally. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if nursing students were cognitively engaged in the teaching-learning process, and the relationship that existed between their cognitive engagement and academic performance at a Rural Community College in Jamaica.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational design was employed. All students (BSN and Assistant Nursing (AN)) enrolled at a rural community college in Jamaica were included (n = 117). To collect demographic and cognitive engagement data, items from the NSSE 2013 The College Student Report and The Engagement in Academic Work tool were combined to form a 33-item Cognitive Engagement Survey. Respondents' grade point averages (GPA) were obtained from anonymized records. The relationships between cognitive engagement and GPA were examined using Spearman's rho, Tukey post-hoc test and ANOVA, assisted by SPSS version 20.
Results: The response rate was 88% (n=103); 69 from the BSN years one to three and 34 from the AN group. Most respondents were 22 years and older (67%). Mean GPA was 2.49 +/- 0.518; 59.2% of respondents achieved GPAs between 2.00 and 2.99, 23.3% had GPA ? 3.00, while 17.5% failed (GPA ? 1.00). The majority BSN and Assistant Nursing students (80% & 62% respectively) reported surface cognitive processing. A statistically significant relationship existed between deep cognitive engagement and academic performance (F [ 2, 100 ] = 3.35, p = .039).
Conclusion: Most students utilized surface levels of cognitive engagement regardless of programme type with little effect on pass rates; however, deep cognitive engagement influenced the quality of academic performance. The need for critical clinical reasoning in patient care requires that teaching methodologies be examined with a view to stimulating the use of deep cognitive engagement among nursing students.